Zero Fee Tour-Making an Ethical Decision?

nil Fee Tour-Making an Ethical Decision? Generally, ethic is similar to incorrupt protect that regulates the behavior of raft and we make use of ethic to justify what is right and wrong. line of work Ethic is hence the standard to justify what is good or unskilled in fashioning a personal credit line finish or in running a argument (Geer, 1994). Business ethic is relevant to some(prenominal) conducts of individuals and business organizations. Some of the endeavors just simple ignore the business morality and run the business practically as service was the sole object glass for them. Ethical consummation may non be practical to a business, while practical treat may non be honorable to others.It constitutes an honest dilemma. A manager should therefore strike a residuum between ethical and practical before devising a decision. In this paper, I volition explore orgasmes to address ethical dilemma and what aspects go forth be estimateed before making an eth ical business decision. I will use the checkism intentness as an example to psychoanalyze that faeces an enterprise only focus on business ethic or the gain ground and whether or not the business ethics atomic number 18 the let out segment for it to consider before making decision. I will go out both the positive correlation and negative correlation and draw a conclusion at last.We always wonder what are our ethical standards creation on and how idler we apply those standard to diametric circumstances. Many ethicists and philosophers project suggested several ascendes to address ethical dilemma. The most common three approaches suggested are the utilitarian approach, moral right approach, jurist approach (Velasquez, Moberg, Meyer, Shanks, McLean, DeCosse, Andre, Hanson, 2009). useful approach is to make a decision base on ethical work on that can maximise the reach or minimize the malign for the mass of people. It deals with consequences and emphasizes the resu lt of a decision. consort to the definition, ethical business natural action is an action that makes the stakeholders, the community, and the environment most. However, it is difficult to find out what is good due to changing characters and behaviors (Velasquez, Andre, Shanks, Meyer, 2010) and people may not always have the comparable view on what is a good and what is harm. The moral right approach is based on human nature that people can decide what they want to do on their own. They have the right of free consent, the right to privacy, the right of freedom of conscience, the right of free speech, the right to due process and the right to keep and safety (BrowneM.Neil Browne (Author) Visit Amazons M. Neil Browne PageFind all the books, read rough the author, and moreSee search results for this authorAre you an author? Learn about Author Central , Giampetro-Meyer, Williamson,2003). According to this approach, ethical action is the best action to protect and respect the stake holders moral right. Right also imply duty, base on this approach people also have duty to respect others rights. However, we cannot ensure that the companies maintain the ethical standards depend on their highest value priority.The justice approach bases on the teachings of the antediluvian patriarch Greek philosopher Aristotle that all equals should be marched equally. According to this approach, the ethical actions treat all people equally or fairly based on a standard which is defensible (Conroy, 2010). Favoritism and discrimination are therefore unjust and wrong. However, this approach may not have adequately accounts for the rights and necessarily of everyone affected and it is difficult to see if the decision is based on a defensible standard or an imbalance of power (Yuter, 2008).All approaches mentioned above encourage us to address ethical dilemma and to know what we do can be considered as ethical. Although, it is difficult to putting the approaches together as they explain what is ethical in different ways, they give us some development to determine what is ethical in different circumstance. The majority of business decisions match ethical issues, we only have to decide how to fit the issues into the business actions and conceive how much they should be considered (Cadbury, 2002).We should have the ability to determine ethical issues and consequently weigh the consideration that should influence our business action in influence to make a good decision (Velasquez, Moberg, Meyer, Shanks, McLean, DeCosse, Andre, Hanson, 2009). There are fin elements enterprises used to think of before evaluating a decision. They are profit, rightfulness, reputation, community business concern and sustainability. expediency generally means frugal profit, that is, the difference between the fundamental revenue and the total cost (both explicit and implicit) of an enterprise.As assumed in economics, everyone is self-interested and they unravel to maximiz e their profit to achieve profit maximization. Profit is important in business world, especially in profit-making accompany as profit and cash give motivation for business to perish (Williams, 2010). It therefore is an essential element being considered when making business decision. Fairness and reputation is another devil elements. Fairness is the mechanism of how we achieve the ideas of just, equal, good, ethical or moral (Bothamley, 1993). genius is the purport or opinion of other people towards an enterprise. It can be delimit as the result of what you do, what you say, and what other people say about you. When a companys reputation for honesty or safety is damaged, it may cause serious impact on the business (Burkhardt, 2008). Community business organisation will be considered as an element for making business decision also. Community Care is a firms obligation as a moral agent extends beyond its legal and economic obligations, to the sideline of long-term goals are goo d for society.Assumed that all businesses obey law and espouse economic interest, community care is gaine voluntarily, however not what it must(prenominal) do by law or they choose to do because of economic sense (Besser, 2002). Sustainability is the capacity that an enterprise can endure or survive in the market. It is about the doing business better, working with others and staying in business in long run. The enterprise should use division of labors and resources in consecrate to carry through money, to communicate to the stakeholders and to gain others fealty in order to be sustainable.Enterprises should consider these five aspects with the approaches mentioned before making business decision. For example, if an enterprise wants to make profit ethically, it should focus more on the fairness when it makes decisions. Take the Hong Kong tourism industry as an example. In March this year, a Hong Kong tour chair of gets actuate style discontented with the insufficient spo nsorping sum up of the tourists. She threatened the mainland tourists that if they did not go break, she would not let them to eat and did not provide hotel to them for accommodation. She used unethical method to force tourist to shop in order to earn more.A tourist recorded what she said and has bed cover the video online, which seriously influence the tourism image of Hong Kong (Sina, 2010). The cause of this showcase is the introduction of zero-fee tour. Zero-fee tour was introduced during 2003 the SARS period in Hong Kong. It is tour which charges tourists little than the basic cost of airline tickets, accommodation and attraction tickets. As this course of tour is charged under-cost, the travel agencies can only earn a profit by receiving boot and tipping from shops (Lu, 2006). According to Wong (2010), we can examine the business ethical problems in two ways.In the view of the travel agency, that is the enterprise, they have to exile the costs to the service providers in order to save costs of the company as the tour is charged under-cost. The travel agencies therefore do not give basic salaries to the tour break aways, and force them to push shopping in order to earn commissions from different shops. Also, some of the travel agencies may fill the tour guides to repair in some cost component in advance and delay the re acquitment to the guides. In the view of tour guides, they dont receive any salaries in zero-fee tours.They will earn goose egg if the tourists do not shop therefore they tend to force or even threaten tourists to buy in order to earn shopping commissions and tipping. This damages the tourism image of Hong Kong seriously. Using utilitarian approach, the business action should be base on ethical action that can maximize the benefit or minimize the harm for the majority of people. According to Velasquez, Andre, Shanks and Meyer (2010), to use utilitarian approach we should first determine the course of the business action and then find the benefits and harms of taking the action for all stakeholders.In this case, only upgrades Travel Agency gains benefit. The tour guide has no net profit in serving a zero-fee zero, she did not earn much benefit and had to force the tourists to shop. The business action harmed the tourists, as they were treated badly by the tour guide and are forced to shop. The tourists also had to buy things in unreasonable price as the shops marked up the price of their products in order to pay for the shopping commissions. Also, the action harmed the image of Hong Kong tourism. The action is not ethical as the courses of it cannot maximize the benefit or minimize the harm for the majority of people.By using moral right approach, we should first indicate what rights are involved in a specific case, and then see if the business action contradicts with the rights (Hamilton, 2009). In this case, the tourists had the right of freedom they can refuse to shop if they do not want to. The tour g uides action was unethical as she threatened the tourists and forced them to shop in order to fulfill the shopping amount. Also, the tour guides action conflict the tourists right to life and safety as she threatened them that they would not be provided a place for accommodation.We should know the statistical distribution first when using justice approach. We have to know who gain benefits and who suffer from losses, and then see if the distribution of the business action is fair (Hamilton, 2009). According to this case, Wins Travel Agency gained benefits as it have saved costs and the tour guide suffered from losses as she did not earn any wage. It is unethical that the enterprise did not provide the tour guide with basic salary. The tour guide really provided service for the company, and it was not fair for her to receive no pay while other guides not serving zero-fee tour received salaries.Also, it is unjust that those tourists who bought few products were treated badly as all tourists joined the same tour and they had not required to shop when they joined the tour. Now, I would examine why Wins Travel Agency made the decision to provide this kind of tour according to the five aspects mentioned. Firstly, the enterprise in the first place focused on profit. Providing this kind of tour, the enterprise need not to pay salaries to the tour guides and it can receive a great deal of commission from shops as most tourists from mainland spend a lot in shopping.Also providing zero-fee tour attracts a great deal of people from mainland to visit Hong Kong, the volume of gross sales of the enterprise would therefore increase (TICHK, 2009). The enterprise considered less(prenominal) in fairness and reputation. It did not pay the tour guide any salary nevertheless the shopping commission although the tour guide deserved to get salary after providing service. It is unfair that the enterprise did this action. As the tour guide was not paid, she treated the tourists ba dly, this not only damaged the reputation of the enterprise but also that of Hong Kong tourism.In sustainability, the enterprise can use division labors and resources to save costs. However, it communicated to the stakeholders unsatisfactorily as it did not know what the tour guide and the tourists needed. Also, it cannot gain others loyalty in order to be sustainable. Finally, in community care, the enterprise did less beyond its legal and economic obligations. Other than increased the sales pulp in the tourism industry, it did less that benefited the society. Wins Travel Agency therefore made decision mainly based on profit rather than business ethics.In conclusion, different businesses would make decisions base on different aspects. They should use the utilitarian approach, moral right approach and justice approach to address ethical issues before evaluating a decision base on the five elements. According to the case above, purely base on making profit practically does not reall y bring much benefit to an enterprise. Enterprises should therefore strike a balance between practically making profit and the business ethics. It is very important for enterprise to consider ethical issues before making decisions as it is unavoidable. Reference Andre . C, Velasquez .M, Moberg . D, Meyer . M. J, Shanks . T (2010), Calculating ConsequencesThe Utilitarian Approach to Ethics Andre . C, Velasquez . M, Moberg . D, Meyer . M. J, Shanks . T, McLean . M. R, DeCosse . D, Hanson . K. O (2009), A Framework for Thinking ethically Besser T. L (2002), The Conscience of Capitalism Business Social Responsibility to Communities Bothamley . J (1993), Dictionary of Theories, LondonGale Research International Browne . M. N, Meyer . A. G . , Williamson. C (2003), Practical Business Ethics for the Busy Manager Burkhardt . R (2008), Reputation Management in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Cadbury .A (2002), Case Histories in Business Ethics, Conroy . M (2010), An ethical approach to le ading change an alternative and sustainable act Geer . H. D. 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